Improve Your Health, Drink Tea!
For thousands of years, tea has been consumed all over the world. And now as study after study proves that drinking tea can provide a number of health-related benefits, even coffee-guzzling Westerners are beginning to appreciate the importance of this flavorful, versatile beverage. Tea sales in the US alone have increased by 66% to $5 billion a year in the last decade. In fact, after water, tea is the most widely consumed beverage in the world! But for many people who love tea, the chief appeal may have less to do with its health benefits and more to do with flavor, aroma, warmth and the soothing effect of sipping this ancient beverage. Plus, whether it comes in a steaming mug or in a tall glass over ice -- tea is a tasty, calorie free beverage. If you have yet to jump on the tea drinking bandwagon, read on to learn more about how adding two cups of tea to your day can improve your health, ward off disease and reduce your waistline!
Where Does Tea Come From?
All tea comes from the leaves of one plant, Camellia sinensis, which can be processed into many tea types including Black, Green and White. A tea's characteristics like color, body, flavor and aroma are determined by the region of the world in which it was grown. Teas are differentiated from one another based on the part of the plant they were taken from and how they were processed. In addition to teas made from the leaves of Camellia sinensis, hot-water infusions made from a variety of herbs like chamomile, peppermint or cinnamon, are also called "tisanes" or "teas" but they are not considered true teas.
An-tea-oxidants
One of the most widely accepted and researched health benefits of all tea is its antioxidant quality. Antioxidants fight free radicals - electrons that cause cell damage - and can be the cause of many diseases like cancer, heart disease, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, cataracts and Alzheimer's disease. Tea contains antioxidants called "flavanoids" which inhibit the damaging oxidation reactions caused by free radicals. In fact, tea contains the highest amount of flavanoids of all plants and the antioxidant activity of tea has been compared to that of fruits and vegetables. Whereas tea should not replace the consumption of fruits and veggies, when added to a healthy diet, tea provides extra protection against many harmful diseases and further promotes health and well-being.
Tea Can Help Fight Diabetes (and more!)
Scientists at the US Department of Agriculture say that tea can also be a powerful weapon in the fight against diabetes because it can boost insulin activity in the body by more than 15-fold. They were able to identify tea's insulin-enhancing chemical, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Diabetes is a disease where the body either does not make insulin or does use the insulin it does make properly. Scientists believe tea increases the body's sensitivity to insulin by affecting the cell proteins that insulin binds to. The more sensitive the body is to insulin, the more effectively it uses the supply it has. Scientists also believe that this insulin-boosting activity is another reason why tea seems to prevent heart disease and high blood pressure because insulin activity lowers blood sugar levels which damages blood vessels. They hope the data can help to not only treat diabetes but perhaps prevent it as well. EGCG is also believed to block production of an enzyme required for cancer-cell growth and to block the production of histamine, which is involved in triggering and sustaining allergic reactions.
Tea's Caffeine Content
Yes, tea contains caffeine. Other than decaffeination, processing does not affect the caffeine content. Most teas have about the same amount of caffeine, within the range of 25-60 mg of caffeine in a 6-ounce cup. If you're not sure how much that is, compare it to a cup of coffee, which contains roughly 100mg of caffeine per 6-ounces. Studies have shown that caffeine, when consumed in healthy amounts, can speed up your metabolic rate, making weight loss easier.
A Mul-tea-faceted Beverage
In addition to the antioxidant and insulin-enhancing properties of tea, which can help prevent many diseases, the different kinds of tea available have been shown to provide a number of health benefits specific to their composition. Although all teas share many of the same health benefits, some are better than others in certain functions. As you may be aware, there are many kinds of tea out there. Take a look below at some of the most common teas: black, green and white, to see how they can individually benefit you.
Black Tea
Let's start off with the most common form of tea around the world - black tea. Black tea is the most processed of all teas and is prepared from green tea leaves that have been allowed to oxidize, or ferment, which produces a reddish color when brewed. The processing also gives black tea a more full-bodied and robust taste. Two popular forms of black tea are Darjeeling and Orange Pekoe and other similar breakfast teas.
Besides being a popular breakfast tea, black tea is used for many other medical purposes. Black tea contains tannins, which decrease intestinal activity and exerts an anti-diarrheal effect. To get the maximum benefit for treating loose bowel movements, let the tea steep for a full 15 minutes. This releases a high amount of tannins. It's also a good idea to drink it unsweetened for maximum tannin potency.
In addition to relieving stomach irritation, black tea can help promote healthy arteries. Research indicates that the theophylline in black tea can help improve cholesterol levels. Studies show that drinking two cups of black tea a day for three weeks helps increase blood flow in the arteries to the heart which helps maintain normal blood pressure. Black tea can also help your teeth and bones. Fluoride, a trace element found in black tea, strengthens tooth enamel, thereby helping to prevent tooth decay. And a study done on English women over 65 showed that those who drank one to six cups of black tea daily had denser skeletons than those who did not consume tea. Tea is thought to contain compounds that mimic the bone-building effects of estrogen in postmenopausal women.
Green Tea
Trivia: Did you know that the American colonists tossed green tea into the harbor during the Boston Tea Party to protest British taxes? We'll bet that if they knew about green tea's antioxidant properties they would have thought twice! Green tea is another widely known and extremely studied form of tea. About 20% of tea consumed worldwide is green. Green tea has been used for thousands of years in Japan and China as both an enjoyable beverage as well as an herbal medicine. Over the years, numerous studies have been conducted to discover green tea's antioxidative effects - and recently researchers are finding that green tea can provide so much more! First of all, how does green tea differ from black tea? The leaves used to create black tea are fully oxidized, while those used to make green tea are lightly steamed before being dried. Green tea leaves are minimally fermented, which gives the tea a light color and a more delicate, fresh taste which can range from fragrant to very bold and vegetal.
The antioxidant properties of green tea not only help protect against prostate, stomach, bladder, pancreas, rectal and esophageal cancers, but are also used to ease stomach problems and to lower cholesterol and blood pressure. Green tea is also used to improve impaired immune functions.
Recent studies also report possible anti-inflammatory and arthritis-preventing effects of green tea. Scientists suggest green tea antioxidants postpone the beginning of and decrease the severity of one type of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease that causes pain, swelling, stiffness and decreased function in the joints. There is no cure for this affliction, so doctors try to alleviate the symptoms. Additional findings in Europe show that the decreased movement of blood cells that cause inflammation across blood vessel walls were relieved when green tea antioxidants were introduced.
Experiments with green tea have shown promising results for your teeth as well. Asian health providers have longed talked about how drinking green tea can promote oral health. Scientific and medical literature now back up this ancient claim - information from research studies demonstrate how green tea works against bacteria that cause cavities in teeth. Also, green tea naturally contains fluoride, which protects teeth from cavities.
One of the most popular and well-loved benefits from green tea is its potential effect on weight loss. Recent scientific research suggests that green tea has potent fat-burning properties. A study done at the University of Geneva concluded these results. In the study, 10 healthy young men of average age 25 who ranged in body type from "lean" to "mildly overweight" were put on a "typical Western diet" of about 13% protein, 40% fat and 47% carbohydrates. One group took capsules containing 50mg of green tea extract and the other group took a placebo. The result showed that the men who took the extract experienced an increase in the number of calories used in a 24 hour period, an increase in fat metabolism and an increase in fat calories used. The conclusion was that green tea has thermogenic properties that promote fat oxidation and increase the body's calorie burning rate. Also, green tea flavanoids and EGCG, can help prevent obesity by inhibiting the movement of glucose in fat cells. Drink up!
White Tea
Last but certainly not least, there is white tea. A less commonly known version, white tea is created when the leaves and buds are steamed and dried. White tea is the least processed of the three teas. This tea gets its light grayish-white color from the silvery "hairs" that are found on the buds from the Camellia plant. When brewed, the tea is a pale yellow to a light red and has a delicate, slightly sweet flavor with none of the grassy undertones associated with green tea. White tea is found in China and is very rare. White tea is a bit more expensive than the others since it is considered a delicacy.
Don't let the delicate nature of this beverage fool you. White tea is stronger than it looks and it provides its own special health benefits just like black and green tea. In tests done at Pace University in New York, researchers found that white tea was 10% more effective than green tea in inactivating viruses, bacteria and fungi responsible for streptococcus infections and pneumonia. While green tea stimulates the immune system to fight off disease, this study noted that white tea or white tea extract can actually destroy the organisms that cause the disease. Research also shows that white tea fights the bacteria that can cause cavities and yeast infections. Scientists believe that white tea contains more antioxidants than black or green because its leaves aren't fermented. White tea also contains less caffeine than green and black tea (about 15mg per serving). Some varieties of white tea include white peony, golden moon, silver needle and white cloud. White teas are produced mostly in China and Japan, but the Darjeeling region of India also produces some fine white teas.
Drink More Tea!
As you can see, abundant research shows that tea provides a wide variety of health benefits ranging from weight loss to cardiovascular health to diabetes prevention to strong teeth! If you haven't already, why not add this wonder-beverage to your daily diet? It is a tasty, versatile and calorie-free way to promote a healthy life. Whether you like it served piping hot with a spritz of lemon or refreshingly cold over ice - be sure to make tea a regular treat!